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Rio de Janeiro - World Positivism capital
Pão de Açucar - Positivism symbol
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Positivists Militars
Positivists Militars
To prefer peace from war and to look for humans solutions for the conflicts have been the statesmen goal and the greatest militars leaders. In the militar highest point, the "Si vis pacem para bellum" principle was adopted - if you want peace be prepared to war - following that was established on remote date the roman peace which ended with little generalized hostilities.
In modern militar leaders we can find the greatest pacifists manifestastions. Frederic II, The Great, assured that if he were the King of France, he would give no one cannon shot in Europe. Our brave Osório told that his greatest disgust was to look his country fighting, and to be in a battle field, and that his happiest date would be the one in which he would be given a new that civilized people were making party for its fraternization and firing their arsenals. (General Osório Historic by Fernando Luis Osório)
Foch, army allied commander wrote in 1918: The obligation is the division of all men, above armies to command victoriously, is the country to serve, is the justice to respect, above the war is peace. Eisenhower has a similar declaration and General Norman Schawzkof, allied forces commander in the Persic Golf war, affirmed in february, 1991: No intelligent person can be in favor of fighting.
Related to positivists, it is good to remember that Augusto Comte, a politchenical pupil promote the formation of a defense artillery battallion for Paris in the last battle of the one hundred years war where he fought bravely in Buttkes - Chaumont, as related in J.Lonchampt Epitom.
Benjamin Constant was in the front line during Paraguay war, from where he just went out because became sick. In glorious November 15th, he assumed the 2nd. Brigade command till Deodoro arrival and rode a horse in front of the troops till the journey ending. He was the War Minister for seven months, from November, 15th, 1889 till June, 22nd, 1890, when he created the Militars Schools Reform Commission (Rio, Riogrande do Sul and Ceará), Militar Justice Code Organization Commission, War Superior School, Army Reorganizing Commision.. He never neglected his militars obligations. Besides militars quarters exercises and maneuvers fields there was a pitiful work for Rondon commission which absorved and sacrificed many positivists. During the two great world wars, positivists were in their places. The so-called "young turks" who contributed to re-equipping the army had positivists and the true ones commanded by Ataturk were from declared positivist orientation. The French Militar Mission was promoted by positivists action: Mal Hermes, Gal.Tasso Fragoso, diplomate Graça Aranha
In the navy, there was never this professional false accusation of unconcern, there were just homages as Almte Marques Leão Trainning Center, Almte Graça Aranha Instruction Center, Almte Gomes Ferraz Artillery Center and Almte Castro e Silva Basis.
Who felt pity about army victory over the federalist revolution and Canudo's rebells confound the facts and attribute to the positivists things that they had nothing to do with. There are free antipathies from who do not know Augusto Comte incomparable work and greatness.
Positivists militars do not preach violence, except against violence, but do not flew from fighting. If there were a less attention period but militar instruction practice, the guilty is not positivist who as soon as reassumed direccion functions promoted its remodeling. General culture is necessary to militars leaders and do not collide with professional obligations. In republic defense ran by Floriano, many positivists civils took arms, as Saturnino Brito, Manuel Miranda, Júlio de Castilhos, Pinheiro Machado, etc. Figures as Benjamin Constant, Rondon, Trompowsky, Manuel Rabelo, Raimundo Sampaio, Poli Coelho, Klinger, Alfredo Severo and many other positivists honored the brazilian army.
Henrique Batista da Silva Oliveira
Calte is the author
